Logging Terms - B -
BACKCUT (Felling Cut): The last of the three cuts
required to fall a tree. Located on the opposite side of the tree from the face
and minimally 1" above the horizontal cut of the face. The 1" is
referred to as stump shot and prevents the tree from kicking back over the stump
toward the faller. The backcut must never be continued to a point at which no
holding wood remains. Variations of backcutting are discussed in: face-boring
backcut, side-boring backcut, and side-notching backcut.
BACK LEAN/SIDE LEAN: Weight of tree is
opposite or opposed to the intended felling direction.
BALLISTIC NYLON: A nylon fabric of high tensile
properties designed to provide protection from lacerations.
BAR OR BLADE: That part of the chain saw upon which
the cutting chain travels. Long, thin projection of the chain saw upon which the
saw chain travels. Improper use of the bar results in kickbacks and saw cuts. It
is the extreme top and bottom of the bar's nose that is sensitive.
BARRIER: A fence, wall or railing to prevent passage
or approach.
BARBER-CHAIR: Vertical split of a tree during the
falling procedure. Generally a result of improper facing and/ or backcutting.
Characterized by a portion of the fallen tree being left on the stump.
BASE OF TREE: That portion of a natural tree not more
than three feet above ground level.
BEAVER-TAILING: Burying the whole bar of the saw while
cutting.
BED: The intended position in which a tree will be
felled.
BIGHT OF THE LINE: Any area where a person is exposed
to a controlled or uncontrolled moving line.
BIND OR BOUND: Series of pressures in a felled tree
resulting from objects (terrain, stumps, windfalls, etc.), which prevent the
tree from lying flat on he ground. The two major components of bind are
impression and tension. It is their directional pressures that determine the
technique and procedure used while bucking.
BINDER: A hinged lever assembly for connecting the
ends of a wrapper to tighten the wrapper around the load of logs or materials.
BLOWN-DOWN: An area of standing timber which has been
blown over by strong winds or storms.
BLOW-DOWN: Trees that have been blown down as a result
of wind.
BOOMBOAT: Any boat used to push or pull logs, boom,
bundles, or bags, in booming ground operations.
BOOMSCOOTER: A small boat, usually less than fourteen
feet in length, equipped with an outboard motor, having directional pushing
capabilities of 360 degrees.
BORING: Method of using the nose or tip of the bar to
saw into the tree while falling or bucking.
BOTTOM BIND: One of the five basic tree
positions commonly encountered while bucking. A tree in a bottom bind situation
is tensioned on the top and compressed on the bottom.
BRAILING: When tiers of logs, piles, or piles are
fastened together with a type of dogline and the ends of the side members are
then fastened together for towing.
BROW LOG: A log or a suitable substitute placed
parallel to any roadway at a landing or dump to protect the carrier and
facilitate the safe loading or unloading of logs, timber products, or materials.
BRUSH-OUT OR SWAMP-OUT: To clean out brush and other
material around the base of trees to be felled or logs to be bucked. Gives
protection against saw kickback and provides safe footing.
BUCK: To cut a felled tree into logs.
BUCKING: Process of sawing a felled tree into sections
called logs. Length of the log is dependent on the species of the tree and what
type of product it will be made into.
BULLBUCK OR BULLBUCKER: Supervisor of the fallers.
Among his responsibilities are assignment of fallers to working areas and
insurance that work is done safely and efficiently.
BULLBUCKER: A foreman or supervisor of falling and
bucking operations.
BUSHELING: Method of payment in which the faller is
paid for how many trees he falls and bucks. Generally the number of trees is
converted into thousands of bored feet and a specific amount paid for each
thousand board feet.
BUTT: Bottom of a felled part of a tree.
BUTT LOG: Portion of a felled tree from the butt to
the first bucking cut.
BUTT WELDING: The practice of welding something end to
end.
BYPASS (Dutchman): Situation created when the
two cuts of the undercut (free cut) do not meet exactly, i.e. one bypasses the
other. Creates undesirable results such as barber chairing, cracked tree butts,
excessive fiber pull and misdirected fall of the tree.
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