Common Fir Tree Ranges in North America

Firs (Abies) are a genus of species of evergreen conifers in the Pine family (Pinaceae). Firs can be distinguished from other members of the pine family by their needle-like leaves, attached to the twig by a base that resembles a small suction cup and by erect, cylindrical cones, 2 to 10 inches long that disintegrate at maturity to release the winged seeds.

Here are eight of the most common and important firs in North America. Two live naturally in eastern North America while the other's natural range is in the mountains of the North American west. Firs grow in cool, temperate regions and mountains south to Guatemala. Although not a true fir I am including Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in this list for reader convenience.

North American firs are important in many ways. Some are used for structural lumber and paper, some make excellent Christmas trees and greenery and some are water collectors and purifiers that improve some of the most productive watersheds on Earth.